1. Ask for the original service book or digital portfolio
Modern manufacturers (BMW, Mercedes, VW Group) keep a digital service record. Ask the seller for a printout from the dealer or a Carfolio-style portfolio link.
2. Cross-check against MOT / TÜV / §57a history
In the UK, MOT history is public at gov.uk. In Germany, ask for the last HU/AU report. In Austria, the §57a sticker date must match the booklet.
3. Call the last servicing dealer
Most franchised dealers will confirm whether a VIN was serviced with them — for free, over the phone, in 2 minutes.
4. Look for red flags
Missing years, gaps over 20,000km, photocopied stamps, or 'lost service book' — all reduce price by €1,500-3,000.
5. Create a digital portfolio going forward
Once you buy, scan every invoice into a digital portfolio (Carfolio does this in seconds). At resale, this single habit pays back many times over.